The main components of the female reproductive system include the ovaries, fallopian tubes and uterus, which play the main role in the fertility and pregnancy process. Problems with the uterus and fallopian tubes, ovaries, hormonal disorders and underlying diseases lead to infertility in women.
- The important role of the ovaries is the production of mature eggs and the secretion of estrogen and progesterone hormones, in addition to creating female appearance, these hormones prepare the tissue of the uterine wall (endometrium) for implantation and growth of the embryo. If there is a disorder in the functioning of the ovaries, fertility will be impaired. In order to get pregnant, all stages of ovulation and fertilization must be done correctly. Polycystic ovary syndrome is one of the most common causes of disorders in the maturation process of eggs and the secretion of reproductive hormones in women. (Ovarian laziness) Is. Symptoms of this syndrome include irregular menstruation, excess hair growth, pimples, and obesity, and it can lead to serious problems such as insulin resistance and diabetes.
- Disruption of ovarian reserve occurs due to genetic problems, radiation, and some drugs, and the ovaries fail prematurely and no longer ovulate, and as a result, there are no eggs for fertilization.
- The quality and number of eggs produced by the ovary declines dramatically with age. It is possible to fertilize a low-quality egg, but the fertilized egg may not implant properly in the uterus or develop sufficiently.
- Obstruction or damage to the uterine tubes prevents the sperm from reaching the egg and the embryo to the uterus. Fallopian tube disorders can be due to frequent pelvic infections, congenital problems, adhesions caused by endometriosis, or adhesions caused by surgery. In endometriosis, the endometrial tissue, which is naturally present in the wall of the uterus, grows outside the uterus. Symptoms of endometriosis include painful menstruation, pain during intercourse, heavy bleeding or abnormal spotting, and pain in the genital area.
- Large or multiple uterine polyps and fibroids that put pressure on the uterine cavity in the ability to connect and Nesting embryos cause disturbances and They affect fertility.
- Immunological or systemic diseases such as kidney failure and hypothyroidism, in addition to disabling other body systems, cause reproductive system dysfunction and infertility.
Treatment of female infertility includes:
- Ovulation stimulation with drugs
- IUI (intrauterine sperm insemination)
- IVF
- ICSI
- Ovarian cautery, laparoscopy, hysteroscopy and...
In the treatment of female infertility, depending on the cause of infertility, one or two methods may be used together. By visiting a specialist early and choosing the right treatment method, the chance of pregnancy increases.